Empty shelves in supermarkets are no longer a rare sight. Not only logistics problems and disrupted supply chains, but also the increased price pressure among manufacturers and retailers contribute to this. Due to rising raw material and energy prices, some suppliers are forced to increase their costs. This in turn leads to new negotiations regarding purchase prices or shelf space between retailers and manufacturers.

The energy crisis, price explosions and the threat of inflation are currently placing a particularly heavy burden on consumers' wallets. Now that the Euro has to be turned over twice, consumers are increasingly turning to private labels of well-known supermarket chains, which allows cost savings of 20 to 30%. But do private labels also help to save energy for the general public, since they are produced differently from other branded products?